A 15?32 GHz miniature single-balanced gate mixer is proposed and analyzed. It achieves a smaller chip area with acceptable conversion gain and port-to-port isolation. In addition, the design procedure is described in detail. This mixer, fabricated in 90 nm digital CMOS technology, demonstrates a measured conversion loss of 1 dB and higher than 30 dB RF-to-LO port isolation from 17 to 32 GHz, at a

The paper presents the idea of the application of passive radar on board of an airplane. The aim of the passive coherent location (PCL) system is to provide surveillance information to the pilot (or autopilot), to detect the targets in the surveillance space, and to protect the platform from collisions and other threats. The PCL system can use the available emitters of opportunity, mainly digital

The mm-wave as well as avalanche noise properties of IMPATT diode at D-band are efficiently estimated, with different poly-types of silicon carbide (SiC) and GaN as base materials, using advanced computer simulation techniques developed by the authors. The breakdown voltage of 4H-SiC (180 V) is more than the same for 6H-SiC, ZB- and Wz-GaN-based diode of 170,158, and 160 V, respectively. Similarly

This paper describes an automatic-dependent surveillance?broadcast (ADS?B) implementation for air-to-air and ground-based experimental surveillance within a prototype of a fully automated air traffic management (ATM) system, under a trajectory-based-operations paradigm. The system is built using an air-inclusive implementation of system wide information management (SWIM). This work describes the r

This paper describes the design of high-performance compact aperture array antennas for radio astronomy and other applications. Three recent antenna developments for square kilometer array design study (SKADS) have been investigated and the performances are compared. In addition to the radio frequency (RF) performance, an essential requirement for the square kilometer array application is the cost

The paper presents the first attempt to develop parameters that are invariant to polarization, aimed at classification and recognition of complex radar objects. Both the simplest (two-point) model and multipoint models of a complex object are analyzed using the so-called emergence principle and a generalization of the interference laws. The polarization invariant parameters of scattered fields and

A new structure is proposed in this article, to operate as wideband and wide-angle flat Radome. In this structure several dielectric and ferrite layers are placed successively, one next to the other, to behave as a matched layer. First, the relationship between the permittivity and permeability of a required fictitious mixed material is obtained. Then the required permittivity and permeability of

A new structure is proposed in this article, to operate as wideband and wide-angle flat Radome. In this structure several dielectric and ferrite layers are placed successively, one next to the other, to behave as a matched layer. First, the relationship between the permittivity and permeability of a required fictitious mixed material is obtained. Then the required permittivity and permeability of

We report on the development of W-band (75?110 GHz) heterodyne receiver technology for large-format astronomical arrays. The receiver system is designed to be both mass producible, so that the designs could be scaled to thousands of receiver elements, and modular. Most of the receiver functionality is integrated into compact monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) amplifier-based multichip

Millimeter-wave wireless space-division-multiplexing signals were discriminated by a newly developed electro-optic modulator using an array of antenna-coupled electrodes and polarization-reversed structures of ferroelectric optical crystals. Discrimination with channel isolation over 13 dB was obtained for two 38 GHz wireless signals with an irradiation angle difference of 15° by use of a fabricat

In this paper, we present a continuously tunable phase shifter realized in MEMS technology. Varactors with liquid crystal as a tunable dielectric layer underneath gold bridges are used to build a loaded line phase shifter. Measurements show that the phase shifter has a differential phase shift of 92°, a figure of merit (FoM) of 42°/dB and an input matching of ?19 dB at 76 GHz.The tuning speed of t

A new setup is proposed for the measurement of current?voltage pulsed characteristics of electron devices. The main advantages of the system consist in: shorter pulse widths through generation in a 50-? environment, simple average current monitoring through separation of the direct and alternate current paths, setting of average voltage values independently of pulse amplitudes and duty cycle, and

This paper presents a frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) radar operating at 120 GHz, which features silicon?germanium (SiGe) chips that employ HBTs with 320 GHz f. The chipset comprises a fundamental-wave signal-generation chip with a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) that provides frequencies between 114 and 130 GHz and a corresponding dual?transceiver (TRX) chip that supports monostati

Delay time measurements are a commonly used technique for the characterization of dielectric materials. Especially with regard to the characterization of water?solid mixtures like soil or grain delay time measurements, e.g., time domain reflectometry offers a powerful method. However, the accuracy of reflection measurements is limited due to multiple reflections caused by inhomogenities of the env

This paper focuses on multi-radio front-end transmitter, a function implied by cognitive radio (0.5?6 GHz). S and C bands standards (wireless local and metropolitan area networks) present a challenge, due to the signal modulation schemes (orthogonal frequency division multiplex (OFDM)/WCDMA, wideband code division multiple access) dynamic (tens of dBs), driving us to a mandatory transmitter linear

This paper focuses on multi-radio front-end transmitter, a function implied by cognitive radio (0.5?6 GHz). S and C bands standards (wireless local and metropolitan area networks) present a challenge, due to the signal modulation schemes (orthogonal frequency division multiplex (OFDM)/WCDMA, wideband code division multiple access) dynamic (tens of dBs), driving us to a mandatory transmitter linear

A dielectric waveguide-based structure coupled to a whispering gallery mode (WGM) disc resonator is introduced as a low-cost integrable millimeter-wave (mm-wave) bio-sensor. An efficient variational analysis method is developed and applied to the WGM. Three sets of sensors, operating in different ranges of frequency from 85 to 220 GHz, are fabricated and tested. The performance of the fabricated b

In the present study, the essential oil from the leaves of River Red Gum (Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh) was distilled by microwave applied in situ hydrodistillation (MWHD) and the properties obtained were compared with hydrodistillation (HD) techniques. The chemical composition of essential oil obtained by the microwave method was analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and GC?mass spectrometry (MS)

In the present study, the essential oil from the leaves of River Red Gum (Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh) was distilled by microwave applied in situ hydrodistillation (MWHD) and the properties obtained were compared with hydrodistillation (HD) techniques. The chemical composition of essential oil obtained by the microwave method was analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and GC?mass spectrometry (MS)

In this work, a very efficient mixed-potential integral-equation formulation is implemented for the rigorous analysis of multilayered structures with arbitrarily shaped two-dimensional periodic metallic and/or dielectric inclusions. Original acceleration techniques have been developed for the computation of the components of the scalar and dyadic Green's functions, based on different types of asym

This paper introduces a radar system for three-dimensional (3D) object detection and imaging. The presented 3D measurement method combines the frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) approach for range measurements with a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technique for digital beamforming in two dimensions. With an orthogonal arrangement of the antenna arrays for transmit and receive, the a

This paper proposes a systematic approach for designing and modeling letter-shaped microstrip ground slots. Twenty-three structures are investigated. For each one, a geometrical circuit model is developed. Interestingly, 21 letters have unique s-parameters (electromagnetic [EM] print). Results are confirmed by EM simulations and measurements. These results may pave the way to new applications, e.g